Critical raw matters, deposits models and mineral systems
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Abstract
Critical raw materials, or critical minerals, constitute a set of raw materials of increasing importance for the economy and society on a global scale. They are obtained from the subsoil as a result of geological exploration and mining. Therefore, it is important to show the link between them, the types of mineral deposits where they are found and the mineral systems of which the latter are part. Finally, the objective is to present the main mineral systems that carry critical raw materials in Cuba and their spatial distribution in the national territory. As a result of the bibliographic search, systematization and generalization of the information collected on critical raw materials, a generalized list of them and some basic facts related to the concept of critical raw materials are presented. The relationship between the geology of critical minerals and the supply chain is exposed, and how they are distributed by mineral deposit models and mineral systems on a global scale is shown. In this context, the main mineral systems carrying them in Cuba are exposed, as well as their location within the country. It is concluded that the distribution of geological resources (evaluated and potential to be discovered) of critical raw materials in Cuba are concentrated in four mineral systems. Of them, the most promising, due to the magnitude of its richness in ore resources, is the supergene mineral system, carrier of Ni, Co, Sc, Cr, EGP and ETR.
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